The other set, the Receive Coil, detects disturbances in that field. One set, the Transmit Coil, generates an electromagnetic (EM) field. As its name may suggest, it consists of two sets of coiled wires. Search CoilsĪ search coil is the round(ish) thing at the end of a metal detector’s shaft. When you discriminate against unwanted targets, like nails or screws, you’re able to detect deeper targets like coins, hidden below the others. This leaves behind only signals from actual targets. To mitigate this, Ground Balancing features mute the signals being received from the minerals in the ground. This is when a metal detector beeps as if a target is in the ground, but it’s just detecting particles of iron or salt in the soil. Ground mineralization can produce false signals. We’ll cover ground mineralization in depth later in this article, but let’s briefly dive in. It works to minimize interference from minerals in the ground. Ground Balance is a feature available on many metal detectors. In addition to frequency, there are software features that affect how deep a metal detector can detect. It differs in how the detector’s software processes the signals it receives. Multi-IQ operates within a frequency range of 5 kHz to 40 kHz. Minelab’s Multi-IQ transmission and processing system is widely regarded as the best in the industry. It uses a frequency range between 5 kHz and 20 kHz. Garrett’s Multi-Flex is a multi-frequency transmission and signal processing system used in its ACE Apex detector. This makes the metal detector sensitive to both small and large or deep targets at once. Multi-frequency technology transmits multiple frequencies across the spectrum at the same time. Higher-end metal detectors use a multi-frequency transmission system. This, as we mentioned earlier, is electromagnetic interference, or EMI. Some low frequencies are prone to interference from electronics and power lines. But, they are unresponsive toward more conductive metals that lower frequencies can easily detect. High frequencies (around 40 kHz) are sensitive to small gold nuggets and other less conductive metals. Low frequencies (under 8 kHz) are best suited for deep, large, or highly conductive targets like silver and copper. It continuously transmits a single frequency EM wave into the ground. Most entry-level metal detectors use a single-frequency technology called VLF. There are two major types of frequency technologies: single-frequency and multi-frequency. Most metal detectors operate at a frequency between 7 kHz and 25 kHz. A 40 kHz frequency, on the other hand, can transmit 40,000 waves per second. A 7 kHz frequency, for instance, can transmit 7,000 EM waves per second. We measure these frequencies in kilohertz (kHz). But what does that mean?Ī metal detector’s operating frequency is the number of ground-penetrating electromagnetic (EM) waves it can transmit per second. The first difference between metal detectors is the frequency they operate at. So what separates these metal detectors from one another when it comes to depth? Three things-the frequency they operate at, the software they’re running, and the size and shape of the detector’s search coil. A target’s metallic composition, size, shape, and orientation affect how deep a metal detector can go. The more you know about your target, the better prepared you’ll be to find it. Whatever it is, it’s a metal thing that you want to find. It might be buried treasure, property markers, or a septic tank lid. Not to be confused with the department store, this sort of target could be a lost ring or a set of keys. In metal detecting parlance, any metal object that you’re searching for is a Target. If you’re looking for diamonds or wood, you’re out of luck. Metal detectors can only detect metal objects. Finally, we’ll cover how minerals in the ground can affect search depth. We'll cover everything you need to know, from frequencies to search coils. Next, we’ll explore the different types of metal detectors available. We’re here to help make sense of it all.įirst, we’ll explain how the size, shape, and orientation of the thing you’re looking for affects how deep you can detect it. There’s a lot of conflicting information and unclear explanations on the topic. In this article, we’ll dive into just how deep a metal detector can detect. And other factors, like the minerals in the soil. The specific depth depends on the type of detector you’re using, and the sort of object you’re trying to detect. Some specialized detectors can go as deep as 65' (20 m). In ideal conditions, a mid-range metal detector can reach 12-18ʺ (30-45 cm) underground. Most metal detectors can detect objects about 4-8ʺ (10 - 20 cm) deep. This article features affiliate links, meaning that we may earn a small commission if you purchase through these links.Īre you curious about metal detecting, and wondering how deep a metal detector can go?
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